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Seduction by a collection of medieval documents make it easy to believe snappy modern translations and their self-assured presentations. Modern editions and translations are usually not based on original documents, but on later copies which may have been deliberately altered or inadvertently contaminated and corrupted. The article at http://www.clansinclairusa.org/clansinclairold/clan_yo_history.htm translated by Dr. Wallace-Murphy is pure speculation. The article has a deliberate alteration (this paragraph has been rewritten to reflect that the author had mixed up the two Maugers). The article calls in to question primary sources. Note 8 (However, only the name of Richard St. Clere seems to be on these lists which were compiled years after the conquest. This fact makes the lists suspect as to their accuracy) Richard name is not even spelt Clere on the Battle Abby rolls or the list in Caen. Wallace-Murphy is a good translator but a translator does not necessary believe the original text. Mauger, Count of Corbeil.son of Richard I Duke of Normandy has no recorded children or even a wife or concubine for that matter It would indeed be a miracle to be descended from a man with no children. On to the matter Walderne the generally accepted birth date is about 1044 AD the claim that he was killed at the battle of Val-es-Dunes in 1047 would have made him 3 years old.at the time if we adjust the birth date to 1006 AD as some have suggested his father would have been 10 years old at the time of his birth. I was sent this attributed to Histoire de la Famille de Clourcy. Chapter VI "La Famille de Saint Clair." "Mauger Comte de Mortain et de Corbeil Born 996 Normandy, France Died 1032 Normandy, France Mauger's son was: Walderne de St. Clair Born 1006 Normandy, France Died 1047 Killed at Battle of Val des Dunes, France fighting against William the Conqueror" The book is available from Lib. Antiqvaria 1, rue des Sables 85190 Beaulieu sous la Roche France http://antiqvaria.free.fr. I have not seen the book myself. The monument at the battle site has no mention of any Walderne or does the web site fr.rec.genealogie (généalogie francophone). I fail to find any relationship between William the Conqueror and the family St Clair. I must be missing the oblivious. From: "Spirit One Email" <laurel@spiritone.com> Date: 28 Sep 2000 17:30:13 -0700 "This is a very complex subject and answer.Hopefully more records will be found to fill in the missing pieces" she then speculates that William Duke of Normandy, King of England might have been one of the mythical 9 Sinclair knights at Hastings.. Ward Ginn's excellent warnings clearly stated "Unfortunately, history -and Sinclair history is no exception - is often incomplete, inaccurately articulated and thus misleading. Given these infirmities, I admonish you to take "at face value" what you read and see here - only believe that which either you already know to be true or you can verify from other sources." Richard (I) "the Fearless", 3rd Duke of Normandy Born in 933 at Fecamp, France Acceded: 942 Died on November 20, 996 at Fecamp, France Richard married first in 960 to Emma of Paris (died 962), a daughter of Hugh "the Great" Capet. Richard married second to Gunnor of Crêpon Richard and Gunnor had the following children: Richard II "the Good" of Normandy Mauger, Earl of Corbeil Robert, Count of Évreux and Archbishop of Rouen (died March 937) Archbishop Robert had a wife and the following sons: Richard, Count of Évreux Ralph of Gacé William Matilda Emma of Normandy, born circa 986, died March 1052. (One timeline claims that she was a Sinclair) Emma married first in April 1002 to King Æthelred II "the Unready" of England, their son: Edward the Confessor, King of England 1042 - 1066. Emma married second in 1012 to Canute II, King of England and Denmark, their son: Hardicanute, King of England 1040 - 1042 Hedwig (Hawise) who married Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany. Their children: Alan (III), Count of Brittany Beatrix of Normandy Godfrey of Brionne & Eu. His son, Gilbert "Crispin", Count of Brionne, William of Hiesmes, Count of Eu Sinclair ref The Encyclopædia of the Middle Ages, New York, 1999 Barnes and Hudson: The History Atlas of Europe, New York, 1998 Berhard Grun: The Timetables of History, New York, 1991 Brian Tompsett, Royal Genealogical Data, http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/public/genealogy/royal/. Andrieu-Guitrancourt, Pierre. Histoire de l'empire normand et de sa civilisation. Paris: Payot, 1952. Brown, R. Allen. The Normans. Woodbridge: Boydell, 1984. Le Patourel, John. The Norman Empire. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976. La Neustrie: Les pays au nord de la Loire de Dagobert à Charles le Chauve. Edited by Patrick Périn and Laure-Charlotte Feffer. Rouen: Musées et monuments départementaux de Seine-Maritime, 1985. Neveux, François. La Normandie des ducs aux rois (Xe-XIIx siècle). Rennes: Ouest-France, 1998. Rowley, Trevor. The Normans. Stroud: Tempus, 1999. [ This is the Sinclair family discussion list, sinclair@quarterman.org [ To get off or on the list, see http://sinclair.quarterman.org/list.html