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For those interested, check out the following article which gives a pretty gruesome idea of what happens to the body during crucifixion. JAMA 1986 Mar 21;255(11):1455-63 On the physical death of Jesus Christ. Edwards WD, Gabel WJ, Hosmer FE. Jesus of Nazareth underwent Jewish and Roman trials, was flogged, and was sentenced to death by crucifixion. The scourging produced deep stripelike lacerations and appreciable blood loss, and it probably set the stage for hypovolemic shock, as evidenced by the fact that Jesus was too weakened to carry the crossbar (patibulum) to Golgotha. At the site of crucifixion, his wrists were nailed to the patibulum and, after the patibulum was lifted onto the upright post (stipes), his feet were nailed to the stipes. The major pathophysiologic effect of crucifixion was an interference with normal respirations. Accordingly, death resulted primarily from hypovolemic shock and exhaustion asphyxia. Jesus' death was ensured by the thrust of a soldier's spear into his side. Modern medical interpretation of the historical evidence indicates that Jesus was dead when taken down from the cross. -----Original Message----- From: owner-sinclair@quarterman.org [mailto:owner-sinclair@quarterman.org] On Behalf Of Carter, Judy G (Judy) Sent: Thursday, May 02, 2002 10:08 AM To: sinclair@quarterman.org Subject: RE: Joseph of Arimathea What I've read on crufication it causes the lungs to fill with fluid...The spear that punctured Christ's side would have let the fluid drain out... as always [ Excess quotations omitted. ] [ This is the Sinclair family discussion list, sinclair@quarterman.org [ To get off or on the list, see http://sinclair.quarterman.org/list.html