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John wrote "Curious how the current Vatican still recognizes that Bull as having done just that" The Vatican does not recognise it since Cum ex Apostolatus officio,published by Pope Paul VI (reigned 1963-1978). He declared "by the plenitude of papal power" that all of the acts of heretical popes were null and void. " The excommunication would not be Ex post facto. The excommunication would be instant and automatic at the time of the heresy. As a heretic, by Cannon Law no act could be valid from the time of the heresy. Regardez à Pope Formosa a Ninth-Century pope. He made many enemies as pope. Formosa's successor Pope Stephen VII declared he was guilty of perjury and a heretic and ought to be tried by the church. Pope Formosa had died and was lying in his grave. His body was disinterred, and his old vestments were draped over his body. He was defended at his trial, called the "Cadaver Synod," by a deacon.. "Guilty!" was the verdict. The Church fathers had the former Pope Formosa's corpse was stripped, the three fingers of benediction on the right hand were hacked off, and the remains thrown to the mob outside, who dragged it through the streets and threw it into the Tiber. Fishermen gave it a descent burial. Pope Stephen VII then declared all of Formosa's ordinations invalid, creating a most serious problem. A noted catholic historian wrote; ..the Catholic Church [developed] an hostile and suspicious attitude towards the principles of political, intellectual, and religious freedom and independence of judgment ... [so that the] ideal of the Church [became] an universal empire ... of force and oppression, where the spiritual suppressing every movement it dislikes. "... we could not, therefore, avoid bringing forward ... a very dark side of the history of the Papacy" J.H. Kgnaz von Dollinger, The Pope and the Council, London, 1869. Sinclair > > Curious how the current Vatican still recognizes that Bull as having > done just that.... > > Ex post facto excommunication doesn't change the fact that a pope in office > was a pope when he was in office, and thereby had administrative powers. > > Still looking forward to your translation of the Papal Bull Ad ea ex quibus. > > John S. Quarterman <jsq@quarterman.org>