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Each pirate captain had a differently designed Jolly Roger . The flags would mostly show symbols of death and destruction. The tombstones a Melrose abby have the same symboles. The name "Jolly Roger" is thought to have originated from a nickname for the devil, "Old Roger". Probally got its name from the French words for "pretty red", "Jolie Rouge". The classic design, skull and crossbones, was used to indicate in the captain's log the death of a sailor. Is this is origin of the actual appearance of the Jolly Roger. A Black Jolly Roger meant we will take prisoners a red one 'No Quarter' Pirates are often shown as social revolutionaries fighting social injustice in a time of rebellion. In these stories crime and tyranny justified crime and rebellion. Another way to describe pirates was to take a specific historic pirate and subjectively colour him in a way so that he looked quite justified in his deeds. Some of the pirates were rightfully depicted as soldiers- hired by a legal government. In this way, even the worst deeds were justified as "acts of war". Some were forced into piracy, being refugees from justice. Some tried to create legal governments and give themselves the right to plunder, rob and kill others (Maurice Beniowski self-proclaimed king of Madagascar). They could not find a place within the social system of the day. The sea belonged to nobody and, especially before 17 century, there was no international jurisdiction to cover piracy. Sir Francis Drake for instance was a Privateer to Englishmen a Pirate to others. A seaman meets a pirate in a bar, they take turns telling of their adventures at. The seaman sees the pirate's peg-leg, hook, and eye patch. He enquires , "So, how did you get the peg-leg?" The pirate says "We was caught in a storm off the Cape and a behemoth wave swept me overboard.. They was pullin' me out a shark appeared and bit me leg off!" "Blimey!" the seaman.says "What about the hook"? The pirate answers , "We was boardin' a trader ship, guns 'blastin' and swords swingin' everywhere. In the fracas me hand got chopped off." The seaman. "And how came ye by the eye patch"? "A seagull shit into me eye," answered the pirate. "Ye lost your eye to seagull shit?" the sailor wondered. the pirate explained, " was me first day with the hook." Sinclair ----- Original Message ----- From: "John S. Quarterman" [ This is the Sinclair family discussion list, sinclair@quarterman.org [ To get off or on the list, see http://sinclair.quarterman.org/list.html