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Hello again, John, and the other list members. Sickle cell anemia is not defined by race, but by geographical constraints. It's one of those "I've got good news and I've got bad news" type things. The bad news is that if you inherit the recessive gene from both parents, you have the disease in its worst form, i.e., the actual sickle cells, which don't flow well in capillaries, thus clog up the circulatory system, eventually leading to debilitation and death. Definitely NOT good news! But, if you get the gene from only ONE parent, you have a type of resistance to malaria. "Privateers" has it right in his post about the hemoglobin. This disease is endemic around the world in areas that are warm and wet, generally the tropics, that harbor mosquitoes. The parasite injected when the mosquito bites cannot live well in those red blood cells that have the recessive gene. Thus, the good news is that if you have the mild form of sickle cell anemia, you are much less likely to have (and therefore die) of malaria. Certainly, this is a good thing in areas where large portions of the peoples are subject to that disease. It's coincidental that many of the people inhabiting the tropics are "black". It did arise in Africa, but there are "white" people with the disease, too. Remember, there's a huge difference between causal and casual effects. The US government has for years been telling us that marijuana use leads to heroin addiction. I don't intend here to start a war on drugs, but can say with absolute certainty that all alcoholics start on milk. Does that prove that milk leads to alcoholism? We can all agree that's absurd. We may as well start start sacrificing virgins at midnight to assure that the big ball of fire arises in the east the next day! Your interjection of census classifications, together with the comment about "administrative purposes" is in total agreement with my views. The US Census Bureau carries out the will of the legislative branch. Please read that phrase as showing "purely political" motives in many of the questions they ask. In this country we give special benefits to some that are defined as being of a certain race, ethnic group, or from certain geographical areas. I can't begin to tell you how angry this makes me. I define myself as a Christian. Jesus said, "The whole of the law is this: thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." If we all followed that sage advice, we'd have no race or ethnic problems. In olden days, our neighbor lived close enough to us that we could see him from our home. Now, the whole world is my neighbor. I haven't heard anyone here dispute the fact that we should all act that way, sorry if my comments implied that. To those on the list with a love of good fiction, find "The Lathe of Heaven" by Ursula LeGuin. It portrays a man whose dreams come true. He wants everyone to become equal, so we all become gray. It's a good book with the moral that's been repeated many times: be careful what you wish for, it may come true, with unintended consequences. Whiskey, like my choice of a woman, is a purely personal preference. I'll allow you yours, and hope you enjoy it! And, what do ducks have to do with it? :) John, you sound like a fascinating and intelligent man, when and if I find out where you live, and get to that area, please allow me to buy you your choice of a good whiskey to start a friendship. Donald, you are so correct. It's the old "duality" thing. No positive without negative. No light without dark. Etc, ad infinitem. I've had my periods of excesses, thus understand only too well the imporance of moderation as I grow old and possibly wiser. There are those who might dispute that, though. When I turned 40 my dad pulled me aside and said that when he turned 30 his dad told him that's when a man truly becomes wise. Then, a pause for dramatic effect, and the comment (with a smile) that shortly before he died, his dad thought he'd change that to 40! I guess I've got entirely too much time on my hands now that I'm not working this week! Enough ranting and raving, back to our regularly scheduled programming, already in progress. Ken DeBusk __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Kick off your party with Yahoo! Invites. http://invites.yahoo.com/ [ This is the Sinclair family discussion list, sinclair@mids.org [ To get off or on the list, see http://www.mids.org/sinclair/list.html